Exposition: Definition, Generic Structure, Language Features, and Examples
Definition:
Hortatory exposition is a type of exposition text that begins with a statement containing the problem / issue which is used as the theme of the writing, then supported by various arguments / statements and supporting evidence that can lead the reader to the author's point of view and closes with suggestions or recommendations from the author. what should have been done or happened in relation to the problem or issue presented at the outset.
Slightly different from hortatory exposition, analytical exposition is a type of exposition text that begins with a statement that shows the attitude, opinion, statement or position of the author on the theme being discussed which is then supported by various arguments and closes with an affirmation or restatement of the opinion stated at the beginning.
Purposes:
1. To persuade the readers that idea is important matter.
2. To persuade the readers or listeners that there is something that, certainly, needs to get attention
3. To analyze a topic and to persuade the reader that this opinion is correct and supported by arguments
Generic Structures:
1. Thesis (Introduction): Introducing the topic and indicating the writer’s position
2. Arguments (Body): Explaining the arguments to support the writer’s position.
3. Reiteration (Conclusion): Restating the writer’s position.
Language Features:
1. Using relational process = Relationships between and among leaders, workers, followers, partners, co-workers, etc. people knowing and caring about people.
2. Using external conjunctions = Enhancing by linking to real world events (Holocaust, the Final Solution, death trains)
3. Using internal conjunction = Elaborating and itemizing steps in an argument (Firstly, secondly, next, finally)
4. Using causal conjunction = the cause of an event, because
5. Using contrastive conjunction = but, nevertheless
6. Using simple present tense = Bruno is quiet boy
7. Focusing on generic human and non-human participants, e.g.: car, pollution, leaded petrol car
8. Using abstract noun, e.g.: policy, government
9. Using relational processes, e.g.: It is important
10. Using modal verbs, e.g.: We must preserve
11. Using modal adverbs, e.g.: Certainly we.
12. Using passive sentence
Example of Exposition 1
Should Children Wear Hats at School?
I believe that you should always wear a hat at school when you are playing outside, to stop you from getting sunburn.
Argument 1:
Firstly, if you don’t wear a hat, you will get sunburn ant the sunburn is painful.
Argument 2:
Secondly, sunburn could lead to skin cancer. Sunburn can lead to health problems later in life. Many older people suffer from skin cancer which can kill them.
Reinforcement of position statement:
In my opinion all school students should wear hats.
Example of Exposition 2
| Generic Structure | Text |
| Thesis | Do you know if you are too fat, you may have serious problems with your health? A group of doctors wrote a report about some of the effects of too much fat. |
| Arguments | One important
effect is on the heart. If you are fat, your heart has to work harder.
This may lead to a heart attack; or it may lead to other heart problem.
In addition, extra fat can also change the amount of sugar in your blood. This can cause serious disease such as diabetes. Furthermore high blood pressure is another possible result of being fat. |
| Reiteration/Conclusion | More studies are needed about all these problems. But one thing is clear, extra fat may make your life shorter. |
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